Joint metal and building structure

ABSTRACT

A joint metal includes a securing plate and a coupling plate. The securing plate is secured to the side surface of a support material. The coupling plate is disposed to project from the securing plate toward the horizontal structural member side. The coupling plate is coupled in a state inserted into a groove formed over the vertical direction on the end surface of the horizontal structural member. The coupling plate includes a plurality of coupling holes and first deficient portions. The coupling hole allows insertion of a rod-shaped coupling tool within the groove. The coupling tool passes through the horizontal structural member. The first deficient portion is formed by cutting out the peripheral area of the coupling hole. The first deficient portion is formed in an arc shape centered at the coupling hole.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a joint metal used when a horizontalstructural member is joined to a support material and to a buildingstructure when a support material and a horizontal structural member arejoined together using the joint metal.

BACKGROUND ART

Conventionally, in a wooden building, as a method for joining a woodsuch as a pillar and a wood such as a beam, joint metals in variousshapes are used for the purposes of streamlining construction, ensuringresistance of a joint portion, and similar purpose.

As this joint metal, for example, there is a joint metal constituted ina U shape by a front plate and a pair of side plates (for example, seePatent Document 1). The front plate is secured in contact with the sidesurface of the pillar. The side plates project toward the beam side byfolding both ends of the front plate. In this joint metal, a pluralityof front holes for inserting bolts through the front plate is formed tobe arranged in the up-down direction. The front plate is fastened withnuts in a state where the bolts inserted through these front holes havepassed through the pillar, so as to be secured to the side surface ofthe pillar. Additionally, on the side plate, a plurality of pinholes isformed to be arranged in the up-down direction. In a state where theside plate has been inserted into grooves formed on the end surface ofthe beam, the drift pin is driven from the side hole formed on the sidesurface of the beam so as to couple the side plate to the beam.

However, in this joint metal, in the case where an excessive load actson the joint portion, cracking occurs in the beam before the metaldeforms. Finally, the beam fractures and then the joint portion isbroken. Here, the woods have individual differences in strength due to afactor such as a water content rate. Accordingly, in the case where thisjoint metal is used, variation in yield resistance or similar parameterbecomes large due to the fracture of the wood as a determination factorof the yield point. Therefore, a plurality of deficient portions, whichis widely opened in up, down, right, and left directions, is formed in aregion other than the pinholes formed on the side plate. Accordingly,when an excessive load acts on the beam, the side plate elasticallydeforms. The energy is absorbed by this elastic deformation so as toreduce the local load acting on the beam. This slows occurrence ofcracking in the beam. This joint metal has been disclosed (for example,see Patent Document 2).

-   Patent Document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application    Publication No. 2007-278027-   Patent Document 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application    Publication No. 2011-214354

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention

However, in the joint metal of Patent Document 2, since the region ofthe deficient portion formed on the side plate occupies the large partof the side plate, the rigidity of the entire metal is decreased.Accordingly, when a load acts on the joint portion, an elasticdeformation occurs at an unnecessarily early stage. Thus, the value ofthe yield resistance decreases so as to reduce the variation in fracturebehavior of the beam. However, a high strength performance cannot bealways obtained as the entire joint portion. As illustrated in FIG. 27,in a conventional joint metal 100 formed in a U shape, in the case wherea front plate 4 where front holes for insertion of bolts are formed isfastened with a bolt 6 so as to be secured to the side surface of apillar 2 or similar member with a high torque, the front plate 4 ispulled to the bolt 6 side (arrow direction) as illustrated in FIG. 27A.Accordingly, as illustrated in FIG. 27B, a pair of side plates 5 mightfall over to the inside or outside. Thus, there is a problem ofinterference with the grooves formed on the end surface of the beam.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-describedproblems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide ajoint metal and a building structure that do not ruin yield resistance,initial rigidity, energy absorbing ability, and similar property of ajoint portion between a support material such as a pillar and ahorizontal structural member such as a beam when an excessive load actson the joint portion and that are excellent in stability of strength asthe joint portion and have high reliability. Additionally, it is anobject of the present invention to provide a joint metal and a buildingstructure that suppress falling over of a coupling plate disposed toproject from a securing plate to a horizontal structural member sidewhen the securing plate secured to a side surface of a support materialis fastened with a bolt.

Solutions to the Problems

To achieve the above-described objects, a first joint metal according tothe present invention is a joint metal for joining an end surface of ahorizontal structural member to a side surface of a support material.The joint metal includes a securing plate and a coupling plate. Thesecuring plate is to be secured to the side surface of the supportmaterial. The coupling plate is disposed to project from the securingplate toward the horizontal structural member side. The coupling plateis to be coupled in a state inserted into a groove formed over avertical direction on the end surface of the horizontal structuralmember. The coupling plate includes a coupling hole and a firstdeficient portion. The coupling hole allows insertion of a rod-shapedcoupling tool within the groove. The coupling tool is to pass throughthe horizontal structural member. The first deficient portion is formedby cutting out a peripheral area of the coupling hole. The firstdeficient portion is formed in an arc shape centered at the couplinghole.

In a second joint metal according to the present invention, the firstdeficient portion is formed in an arc shape centered at the couplinghole with a constant diameter.

In a third joint metal according to the present invention, a pluralityof the first deficient portions are formed in arc shapes centered at thecoupling holes with a same diameter. One of portions between endportions of the first deficient portions adjacent to one another in acircumferential direction is disposed to be positioned on a horizontalstraight line passing through a center of the coupling hole and on adistal end side of the coupling plate with respect to the coupling holein a horizontal direction.

In a fourth joint metal according to the present invention, the firstdeficient portion is formed symmetrically to a horizontal straight linepassing through a center of the coupling hole.

A fifth joint metal according to the present invention is a joint metalfor joining an end surface of a horizontal structural member to a sidesurface of a support material. The joint metal includes a securing plateand a coupling plate. The securing plate is to be secured to the sidesurface of the support material. The coupling plate is disposed toproject from the securing plate toward the horizontal structural memberside. The coupling plate is to be coupled in a state inserted into agroove formed over a vertical direction on the end surface of thehorizontal structural member. The coupling plate includes a plurality ofcoupling holes and a second deficient portion. The coupling holes allowinsertion of rod-shaped coupling tools within the groove. The couplingtools are to pass through the horizontal structural member. The seconddeficient portion is along a vertical straight line that passes througha center of the coupling hole. The second deficient portion is formed tobe long in a vertical direction between the adjacent coupling holes.

A sixth joint metal according to the present invention is a joint metalfor joining an end surface of a horizontal structural member to a sidesurface of a support material. The joint metal includes a securing plateand a coupling plate. The securing plate is to be secured to the sidesurface of the support material. The coupling plate is disposed toproject from the securing plate toward the horizontal structural memberside. The coupling plate is to be coupled in a state inserted into agroove formed over a vertical direction on the end surface of thehorizontal structural member. The coupling plate includes a plurality ofcoupling holes, a third deficient portion, and a fourth deficientportion. The coupling holes allow insertion of rod-shaped coupling toolswithin the groove. The coupling tools are to pass through the horizontalstructural member. The third deficient portion is cut out in aperipheral area of the coupling hole. The fourth deficient portion isalong a vertical straight line that passes through the coupling hole.The third deficient portion is formed in an arc shape centered at thecoupling hole. The fourth deficient portion is formed to be long in avertical direction between the adjacent coupling holes.

In a seventh joint metal according to the present invention, the thirddeficient portion is formed in an arc shape with a constant diametercentered at the coupling hole.

In an eighth joint metal according to the present invention, a pluralityof the third deficient portions are formed in arc shapes centered at thecoupling holes with a same diameter. One of portions between endportions of the first deficient portions adjacent to one another in acircumferential direction is disposed to be positioned on a horizontalstraight line passing through a center of the coupling hole and on adistal end side of the coupling plate with respect to the coupling holein a horizontal direction.

In a ninth joint metal according to the present invention, the thirddeficient portion is formed symmetrically to a horizontal straight linepassing through a center of the coupling hole.

In a tenth joint metal according to the present invention, the couplingplate includes a pin groove and a fifth deficient portion and/or a sixthdeficient portion. The pin groove is formed on an upper end of thecoupling plate. The fifth deficient portion is formed by cutting out inan arc shape in a peripheral area of the pin groove. The sixth deficientportion is formed by cutting out to be long in a vertical directionbetween the pin groove and the coupling hole adjacent to the pin groove.

An eleventh joint metal according to the present invention is a jointmetal for joining an end surface of a horizontal structural member to aside surface of a support material. The joint metal includes a securingplate and a coupling plate. The securing plate is to be secured to theside surface of the support material. The coupling plate is disposed toproject from the securing plate toward the horizontal structural memberside. The coupling plate is to be coupled in a state inserted into agroove formed over a vertical direction on the end surface of thehorizontal structural member. The coupling plate includes a couplinghole and a seventh deficient portion. The coupling hole allows insertionof a rod-shaped coupling tool within the groove. The coupling tool is topass through the horizontal structural member. The seventh deficientportion is in communication with the coupling hole. The seventhdeficient portion is formed to be long along a horizontal straight line.

In a twelfth joint metal according to the present invention, the seventhdeficient portion has a vertical width smaller than a diameter of thecoupling hole.

In a thirteenth joint metal according to the present invention, thesecuring plate includes a plurality of fixing holes for insertingfixtures. The fixing holes are formed to be aligned in a verticaldirection. A securing-plate reinforcing bead is disposed. Thesecuring-plate reinforcing bead projects from a back-side portion of thesecuring plate in contact with the side surface of the support materialtoward a projection direction of the coupling plate.

In a fourteenth joint metal according to the present invention, thesecuring-plate reinforcing bead is formed in a shape where a pluralityof arcs communicate with one another in a vertical direction centered atthe fixing holes so as to surround peripheral areas of the fixing holes.

In a fifteenth joint metal according to the present invention, areinforcing rib is disposed on a bended portion at a boundary betweenthe securing plate and the coupling plate.

In a sixteenth joint metal according to the present invention, thesecuring plate includes a plurality of fixing holes for insertingfixtures. The fixing holes are formed to be aligned in a verticaldirection. A reinforcing rib is disposed on a bended portion at aboundary between the securing plate and the coupling plate.

In a seventeenth joint metal according to the present invention, thereinforcing rib is disposed in each portion between the fixing holesadjacent to one another in the vertical direction.

In an eighteenth joint metal according to the present invention, thesecuring plate includes a plurality of fixing holes for insertingfixtures. The fixing holes are formed to be aligned in a verticaldirection. A bended-portion reinforcing bead is disposed incommunication with the securing plate from the coupling plate through abended portion at a boundary between the securing plate and the couplingplate.

In a nineteenth joint metal according to the present invention,end-portion reinforcing beads are disposed on both end portions in awidth direction of the securing plate. The end-portion reinforcing beadis long in a vertical direction and projects from a back-side portion ofthe securing plate in contact with the side surface of the supportmaterial toward a projection direction of the coupling plate.

A building structure according to the present invention includes any oneof the first to nineteenth joint metals. The joint metal joins thesupport material and the horizontal structural member together.

Effects of the Invention

According to the first joint metal, the first deficient portion in anarc shape centered at the coupling hole is formed in the peripheral areaof the coupling hole through which the rod-shaped coupling tool, whichpasses through the horizontal structural member, is inserted within thegroove formed over the vertical direction on the end surface of thehorizontal structural member. When an excessive load acts on the jointportion between the support material and the horizontal structuralmember, locally deforming the peripheral area of the coupling holeallows reducing the fracture of the horizontal structural member andallows controlling the deformation of the entire joint metal so as toreduce the variation in resistance of the joint portion. Additionally,this does not ruin the rigidity of the region other than the peripheralarea of the coupling hole, thus maintaining relatively high yieldresistance so as to improve a proof stress evaluation value.

According to the second joint metal, the first deficient portion in thearc shape centered at the coupling hole with the constant diameter isformed. This allows more efficiently causing local deformation of theperipheral area of the coupling hole when an excessive load acts on thejoint portion between the support material and the horizontal structuralmember.

According to the third joint metal, the plurality of the first deficientportions are formed in arc shapes centered at the coupling hole with thesame diameter. One of the portions between the end portions of the firstdeficient portions adjacent to one another in the circumferentialdirection is disposed to be positioned on the horizontal straight linepassing through the center of the coupling hole and on the distal endside of the coupling plate with respect to the coupling hole in thehorizontal direction. This allows improving the resistance against atension load that acts on the horizontal structural member toward thehorizontal direction side of the coupling plate.

According to the fourth joint metal, the first deficient portion isformed symmetrically to the horizontal straight line passing through thecenter of the coupling hole. Therefore, in either case where anexcessive load acts on the horizontal structural member upward ordownward in the vertical direction, the peripheral area of the couplinghole efficiently deforms. This allows reducing the fracture of thehorizontal structural member.

According to the fifth joint metal, the coupling plate includes thecoupling hole and the second deficient portion. The coupling hole allowsinsertion the rod-shaped coupling tool, which passes through thehorizontal structural member, within the groove formed over the verticaldirection on the end surface of the horizontal structural member. Thesecond deficient portion is along the straight line that passes throughthe center of the coupling hole, and is formed to be long in thevertical direction between the adjacent coupling holes. Therefore, whenan excessive load acts on the joint portion between the support materialand the horizontal structural member, the peripheral area of thecoupling hole deforms. This allows reducing the fracture of thehorizontal structural member. Additionally, increasing the deficientamount in the vertical direction including the coupling hole, whichreceives the stress from the coupling tool, allows controlling thedeformation of the joint metal so as to reduce the variation inresistance on the joint portion. Additionally, this allows improving theresistance against a tension load that acts on the horizontal structuralmember toward the horizontal direction side of the coupling plate.

According to the sixth joint metal, the third deficient portion in thearc shape centered at the coupling hole is formed in the peripheral areaof the coupling hole. Therefore, when an excessive load acts on thejoint portion between the support material and the horizontal structuralmember, the peripheral area of the coupling hole locally deforms. Thisallows reducing the fracture of the horizontal structural member, andallows controlling the deformation of the entire joint metal so as toreduce the variation in resistance of the joint portion. Additionally,the fourth deficient portion is along the straight line that passesthrough the center of the coupling hole, and is formed to be long in thevertical direction between the adjacent coupling holes. Therefore,increasing the deficient amount in the vertical direction including thecoupling hole, which receives the stress from the coupling tool, allowscontrolling the deformation of the joint metal so as to reduce thevariation in resistance of the joint portion.

According to the seventh joint metal, the third deficient portion in thearc shape centered at the coupling hole is formed in the peripheral areaof the coupling hole. This allows more efficiently causing localdeformation of the peripheral area of the coupling hole when anexcessive load acts on the joint portion between the support materialand the horizontal structural member.

According to the eighth joint metal, the plurality of the thirddeficient portions are formed in the arc shapes centered at the couplinghole with the same diameter. One of the portions between the endportions of the deficient portions adjacent to one another in thecircumferential direction is disposed to be positioned on the horizontalstraight line passing through the center of the coupling hole and on thedistal end side of the coupling plate with respect to the coupling holein the horizontal direction. This allows improving the resistanceagainst a tension load that acts on the horizontal structural membertoward the horizontal direction side of the coupling plate.

According to the ninth joint metal, the third deficient portion isformed symmetrically to the horizontal straight line passing through thecenter of the coupling hole. Therefore, in either case where anexcessive load acts on the horizontal structural member upward ordownward in the vertical direction, the peripheral area of the couplinghole efficiently deforms. This allows reducing the fracture of thehorizontal structural member.

According to the tenth joint metal, the coupling plate includes the pingroove and the fifth deficient portion and/or the sixth deficientportion. The pin groove is formed on the upper end of the couplingplate. The fifth deficient portion is formed by cutting out in the arcshape in the peripheral area of the pin groove. The sixth deficientportion is formed by cutting out to be long in the vertical directionbetween the pin groove and the coupling hole adjacent to the pin groove.Therefore, when an excessive load acts on the joint portion between thesupport material and the horizontal structural member, the peripheralarea of the pin groove locally deforms. This allows reducing thefracture of the horizontal structural member and allows controlling thedeformation of the entire joint metal so as to reduce the variation inresistance of the joint portion.

According to the eleventh joint metal, the coupling plate includes thecoupling hole and the seventh deficient portion. The coupling holeallows insertion of the rod-shaped coupling tool, which passes throughthe horizontal structural member, within the groove formed over thevertical direction on the end surface of the horizontal structuralmember. The seventh deficient portion is in communication with thecoupling hole, and is formed to be long along the horizontal straightline. Therefore, when an excessive load acts on the joint portionbetween the support material and the horizontal structural member, theperipheral area of the coupling hole deforms. This allows reducing thefracture of the horizontal structural member. Additionally, thedeficient portion is formed to be long in the horizontal direction ofthe coupling hole. This allows inducing stable lateral displacementdeformation of the joint metal so as to reduce the variation inresistance of the joint portion. Additionally, this does not ruin therigidity of the region other than the peripheral area of the couplinghole, thus maintaining relatively high yield resistance so as to improvethe proof stress evaluation value.

According to the twelfth joint metal, the seventh deficient portion hasthe vertical width smaller than the diameter of the coupling hole. Thisallows preventing movement of the coupling tool from the coupling holein the horizontal direction.

According to the thirteenth joint metal, the securing-plate reinforcingbead is disposed. The securing-plate reinforcing bead projects from theback-side portion of the securing plate in contact with the side surfaceof the support material toward the projection direction of the couplingplate. This allows improving the rigidity of the securing plate, so asto suppress falling over of the coupling plate when the securing plateis fastened with a fixture such as a bolt due to pulling the securingplate to the bolt side. Additionally, as described above, the rigidityof the securing plate can be improved so as to suppress falling over ofthe coupling plate. This allows thinning the plate thicknesses of thesecuring plate and the coupling plate while ensuring high strength.

According to the fourteenth joint metal, the securing-plate reinforcingbead is formed in the shape where the plurality of the arcs communicatewith one another in the vertical direction centered at the fixing holesso as to surround the peripheral areas of the fixing holes. This allowsefficiently improving the strength around the fixing holes of thesecuring plate, thus more reliably suppressing falling over of thecoupling plate when the securing plate is fastened with a fixture suchas a bolt.

According to the fifteenth joint metal, the reinforcing rib is furtherdisposed on the bended portion at the boundary between the securingplate and the coupling plate. This allows improving the strength of thebended portion, thus suppressing falling over of the coupling plate whenthe securing plate is fastened with a fixture such as a bolt.

According to the sixteenth joint metal, the reinforcing rib is disposedon the bended portion at the boundary between the securing plate and thecoupling plate. This allows improving the strength of the bendedportion, thus suppressing falling over of the coupling plate when thesecuring plate is fastened with a fixture such as a bolt. Additionally,as described above, the strength of the bended portion can be improvedso as to suppress falling over of the coupling plate. This allowsthinning the plate thicknesses of the securing plate and the couplingplate while ensuring high strength.

According to the seventeenth joint metal, the reinforcing rib isdisposed in each portion between the fixing holes adjacent to oneanother in the vertical direction. This allows ensuring high strength inany position of the bended portion in the vertical direction, thus morereliably suppressing falling over of the coupling plate when thesecuring plate is fastened with a fixture such as a bolt.

According to the eighteenth joint metal, the bended-portion reinforcingbead is disposed in communication with the securing plate from thecoupling plate through the bended portion at the boundary between thesecuring plate and the coupling plate. This allows improving thestrength of the bended portion, thus suppressing falling over of thecoupling plate when the securing plate is fastened with a fixture suchas a bolt. Additionally, as described above, the strength of the bendedportion can be improved so as to suppress falling over of the couplingplate. This allows thinning the plate thicknesses of the securing plateand the coupling plate while ensuring high strength.

According to the nineteenth joint metal, the end-portion reinforcingbeads are further disposed on both the end portions in the widthdirection of the securing plate. The end-portion reinforcing bead islong in the vertical direction, and projects from the back-side portionof the securing plate in contact with the side surface of the supportmaterial toward the projection direction of the coupling plate. Thisallows improving the strength of both the ends in the width direction ofthe securing plate, thus more reliably suppressing falling over of thecoupling plate when the securing plate is fastened with a fixture suchas a bolt.

With the building structure according to the present invention, when anexcessive load acts on the joint portion between the support materialand the horizontal structural member, the peripheral area of thecoupling hole of the coupling plate to be coupled to the horizontalstructural member deforms. This allows reducing the fracture of thehorizontal structural member, thus reducing the variation in resistance.Additionally, this does not ruin the rigidity of the region other thanthe peripheral area of the coupling hole, thus maintaining relativelyhigh yield resistance so as to improve the proof stress evaluationvalue. Additionally, this allows suppressing falling over of thecoupling plate when the securing plate is fastened with a fixture suchas a bolt, so as to thin the plate thicknesses of the securing plate andthe coupling plate while ensuring high strength.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1A is a diagram illustrating an example of a joint metal accordingto a first embodiment of the present invention and it is a perspectiveview of the joint metal.

FIG. 1B is a diagram illustrating an example of a joint metal accordingto a first embodiment of the present invention and it is a side view ofthe joint metal.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a used state of thejoint metal according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view illustrating an example of a joint metal accordingto a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of the vicinity of a coupling holeillustrated in FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 is a side view illustrating another example of the joint metalaccording to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side view illustrating another example of the joint metalaccording to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a side view illustrating another example of the joint metalaccording to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view illustrating an example of ajoint metal according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a side view illustrating an example of a joint metal accordingto a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10A is a side view illustrating a conventional joint metal and itis a side view illustrating an example of a joint metal where deficientportions are not formed on a coupling plate.

FIG. 10B is a side view illustrating a conventional joint metal and itis a side view illustrating an example of a joint metal where deficientportion widely opened in up, down, right, and left directions are formedin the region other than a coupling hole on a coupling plate.

FIG. 11 is a graph illustrating the relationship between a deformation D(mm) and a load P (kN) of a working example 1.

FIG. 12 is a graph illustrating the relationship between a deformation D(mm) and a load P (kN) of a working example 2.

FIG. 13 is a graph illustrating the relationship between a deformation D(mm) and a load P (kN) of a working example 3.

FIG. 14 is a graph illustrating the relationship between a deformation D(mm) and a load P (kN) of a comparative example 1.

FIG. 15 is a graph illustrating the relationship between a deformation D(mm) and a load P (kN) of a comparative example 2.

FIG. 16A is a diagram illustrating an example of a joint metal accordingto a fifth embodiment of the present invention and it is a perspectiveview of the joint metal.

FIG. 16B is a diagram illustrating an example of a joint metal accordingto a fifth embodiment of the present invention and it is a side view ofthe joint metal.

FIG. 17 is a schematic back view illustrating the example of the jointmetal according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line a-a in FIG. 17.

FIG. 19 is a schematic back view illustrating an example of a jointmetal according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line b-b in FIG. 19.

FIG. 21 is a schematic back view illustrating an example of a jointmetal according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a schematic back view illustrating an example of a jointmetal according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a schematic side view illustrating the example of the jointmetal according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line c-c in FIG. 22.

FIG. 25 is a schematic side view illustrating an example of a jointmetal according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a schematic side view illustrating the example of the jointmetal according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 27A is a schematic explanatory views for describing states when ajoint metal is secured to the side surface of a support material and itillustrates a state before a bolt is fastened for securing the jointmetal

FIG. 27B is a schematic explanatory views for describing states when ajoint metal is secured to the side surface of a support material and itillustrates a state where a bolt is fastened for securing the jointmetal at a high torque.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The following describes embodiments of a joint metal according to thepresent invention with reference to the drawings. As illustrated inFIGS. 1A and 1B and FIG. 2, a joint metal 1 according to a firstembodiment of the present invention is for joining the end surface of ahorizontal structural member 3 such as a beam to the side surface of asupport material 2 such as a pillar in a wooden building structure. Thejoint metal 1 is constituted to have a U shape in top view by a securingplate 4 and a pair of coupling plates 5. The securing plate 4 is securedto the side surface of the support material 2. The coupling plates 5project from both ends of the securing plate 4 approximately in thehorizontal direction on the horizontal structural member 3 side. Thisjoint metal 1 is used, for example, as a joist hanger for joining theend surface of the beam to the side surface of the pillar. Here, thesupport material 2 is not limited to the pillar and only needs to be astructural member for supporting the horizontal structural member 3. Forexample, the support material 2 may be a beam or similar member that isdifferent from a girth or the horizontal structural member 3. Also, thehorizontal structural member 3 is not limited to the beam and only needsto be a structural member where the end surface is joined to the supportmaterial 2 in the approximately horizontal direction. For example, thehorizontal structural member 3 may be a girder, a girth, or similarmember.

The securing plate 4 is secured to the side surface of the supportmaterial 2 in contact with each other. As illustrated in FIG. 2, in thesecuring plate 4, a plurality of fixing holes 41 for allowing insertionof fixtures such as the bolts 6 is formed to be aligned in thelongitudinal direction. On the side surface of the support material 2,bolt holes 21 and counter sink holes 22 are formed. The bolt hole 21 isfor insertion of the bolt 6 for securing the securing plate 4. Thecounter sink hole 22 is for housing a nut 7 to be threadably mounted onthe bolt 6 inserted through the bolt hole 21. When the securing plate 4is secured to the side surface of the support material 2, the bolts 6are inserted from the fixing holes 41 in a state where a back-sideportion 42 of the securing plate 4 is in contact with the side surfaceof the support material 2 such that the fixing holes 41 correspond tothe respective bolt holes 21. Then, in a state where the bolt 6 isinserted until the distal end of the bolt 6 has reached the counter sinkhole 22, the nut 7 is threadably mounted so as to secure the securingplate 4 to the side surface of the support material 2. Here, the methodfor securing the securing plate 41 is not limited to this method.Instead of the bolt 6, nails or similar tool may be driven to the sidesurface of the support material 2 from the fixing hole 41 for securingthe securing plate.

The coupling plates 5 are coupled to the horizontal structural member 3.As illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B and FIG. 2, the coupling plates 5 arefolded at approximately a right angle from both the ends of the securingplate 4 and are extended to project toward the horizontal structuralmember 3 side. This coupling plate 5 includes a pin groove 51, a sixthdeficient portion 531, a plurality of coupling holes 52, and a pluralityof second deficient portions 532 and 533. The pin groove 51 is a cutoutapproximately in a U shape. The sixth deficient portion 531 is formed bycutting out the peripheral area on the lower side of the pin groove 51.The coupling hole 52 allows insertion of the drift pin 8 to be coupledto the horizontal structural member 3. The second deficient portions 532and 533 are formed by cutting out the peripheral area of the couplinghole 52.

The pin groove 51 is formed on the upper end of the coupling plate 5 soas to receive the drift pin 8. The plurality of coupling holes 52 isformed to be aligned in the vertical direction below the pin groove 51.The sixth deficient portion 531 and the plurality of second deficientportions 532 and 533 are formed in vertically long slit shapes whilepassing through a straight line A, on which the pin groove 51 and theplurality of coupling holes 52 are arranged, in the vertical direction.On the end surface of the horizontal structural member 3, grooves 31 forallowing insertion of the pair of the respective coupling plates 5 areformed over the longitudinal direction (vertical direction). On the sidesurface of the horizontal structural member 3, a plurality of pinholes32 into which the drift pin 8 driven is formed to be aligned in thelongitudinal direction. When this horizontal structural member 3 and thecoupling plates 5 are coupled to each other, firstly, the horizontalstructural member 3 is moved so as to be positioned on the upper side ofthe joint metal 1 where the securing plate 4 is secured to the sidesurface of the support material 2. At this time, the drift pin 8 ispreliminarily driven to the uppermost pinhole 32 of the horizontalstructural member 3. Subsequently, the horizontal structural member 3 isgradually moved down until the drift pin 8 that has been driven isbrought into contact with the pin groove 51. In a state where the pairof coupling plates 5 is inserted into the grooves 31 of the horizontalstructural member 3, the drift pins 8 are driven to the remainingpinholes 32 so as to couple the horizontal structural member 3 and thecoupling plate 5 together.

The sixth deficient portion 531 and the second deficient portions 532and 533 formed in the coupling plate 5 are for reducing the fracture ofthe horizontal structural member by facilitating deformation of theperipheral area of the pin groove 51 and the coupling hole 52 when anexcessive load acts on the joint portion between the support material 2and the horizontal structural member 3 in a state where the couplingplate 5 and the horizontal structural member 3 are coupled together. Asillustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the sixth deficient portion 531 isformed to be long in the vertical direction between the pin groove 51and the second deficient portion 532, which is formed adjacent to thepin groove 51 in the vertical direction. The second deficient portion532 is formed in the position at a predetermined distance from therespective coupling holes 52, so as to be positioned between thecoupling holes 52 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction. Thissecond deficient portion 532 is formed to be long along the verticalstraight line A passing through the centers of the respective couplingholes 52. As illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the second deficientportion 532 is formed to have a width narrower than a diameter Φ of thecoupling hole 51, and is disposed in the position at a predetermineddistance W from the securing plate 4.

As illustrated in FIG. 1B, this predetermined distance W is the distancefrom the base end of the coupling plate 5 up to the base end side of thesixth deficient portion 531 and the second deficient portions 532 and533. This distance W can be changed corresponding to the position of thecoupling hole 52 or similar parameter. However, the coupling hole 52,the sixth deficient portion 531, and the respective second deficientportions 532 and 533 are preferred to be disposed on the distal end sidewith respect to the center of the width W1 in the horizontal directionof the coupling plate 5. This allows improving the rigidity of theregion other than the peripheral area of the coupling hole 52. Here, thesecuring plate 4 side of the coupling plate 5 is defined as the base endside while the opening side of the coupling plate 5 is defined as thedistal end side. Additionally, the longitudinal lengths of the sixthdeficient portion 531 and the second deficient portions 532 and 533 arechanged corresponding to the position of the pin groove 51 and thelongitudinal distance between the coupling holes 52. In the joint metal1 according to this embodiment, a length L1 of the sixth deficientportion 531, which is disposed between the pin groove 51 and theuppermost coupling hole 52, and the second deficient portion 533, whichis disposed on the lower side of the lowermost coupling hole 52, areformed to be shorter than the second deficient portions 532 disposedbetween the coupling holes 52.

The following describes a joint metal 1 a according to a secondembodiment of the present invention with reference to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4.In this joint metal 1 a, mainly, the sixth deficient portion 531 and thesecond deficient portions 532 and 533 are changed in shape in the jointmetal 1 according to the first embodiment. For the configuration similarto that of the joint metal 1 or similar configuration, like referencenumerals designate corresponding or identical elements, and thereforesuch elements will not be further elaborated here.

In the joint metal 1 a, three first deficient portions 54 are formed atequal spaces in the circumferential direction. The first deficientportions 54 are arc-shaped elongated holes having the same diametercentered at the coupling hole 52 in the peripheral area of the couplinghole 52. Additionally, two arc-shaped fifth deficient portions 55 areformed in the peripheral area of the lower side of the pin groove 51.The width perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the firstdeficient portion 54 and the fifth deficient portion 55 is formed to beequal to or less than half of the diameter of the coupling hole 52.Regarding the length of the arc, the first deficient portion 54 isformed to be longer than the fifth deficient portion 55. Accordingly, inthe joint metal 1 a, the first deficient portion 54 and the fifthdeficient portion 55 are disposed only at the periphery of the couplinghole 52 and the pin groove 51. This allows efficiently deforming theperipheral area of the coupling hole 52 and the pin groove 51 when anexcessive load acts on the joint portion between the support material 2and the horizontal structural member 3 in a state where the couplingplates 5 a and the horizontal structural member 3 are coupled together.Thus, the fracture of the horizontal structural member 3 can be reduced.

As illustrated by drawing diagonal lines in FIG. 4, the first deficientportion 54 adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction arecoupled to one another by respective coupling portions 56. This couplingportion 56 is a portion positioned between the end portions of theadjacent first deficient portions 54. As illustrated in FIG. 3 and FIG.4, in the case where three first deficient portions 54 are formed, thefirst deficient portions 54 are disposed in three positions in theperipheral area of the coupling hole 52. In the joint metal 1 a, one ofthe coupling portions 56 is disposed to be on a virtual line B, whichpasses through the center of the coupling hole 52 and extends in thehorizontal direction, and to be positioned on the distal end side of thecoupling plate 5 a with respect to the coupling hole 52. This allowsimproving the resistance against the tension load acting on thehorizontal direction side of the coupling plate 5 a with respect to thehorizontal structural member 3 in a state where this coupling plate 5 aand the horizontal structural member 3 are coupled together.Additionally, the first deficient portion 54 is formed symmetrically tothe straight line B. Accordingly, when an excessive load acts on thehorizontal structural member 3 in any direction of the upper and lowerdirections in the vertical direction, the peripheral area of thecoupling hole efficiently deforms. This allows reducing the fracture ofthe horizontal structural member 3. Here, similarly to the seconddeficient portion 532, this first deficient portion 54 is preferred tobe disposed on the distal end side with respect to the center of thewidth in the horizontal direction of the coupling plate 5 a in order tokeep a predetermined rigidity.

In the joint metal 1 a illustrated in FIG. 5, two arc-shaped firstdeficient portions 54 a are formed in the peripheral area of thecoupling hole 52. This first deficient portion 54 a is formed to havethe same width as that of the first deficient portion 54 illustrated inFIG. 3 while having a longer length of the arc. Regarding this firstdeficient portion 54 a, similarly to the first deficient portion 54, thefirst deficient portions 54 a adjacent to each other in thecircumferential direction are coupled together by respective couplingportions 56. One of the coupling portions 56 is disposed to be on thevirtual line B, which passes through the center of the coupling hole 52and extends in the horizontal direction, and to be positioned on thedistal end side of the coupling plate 5 a with respect to the couplinghole 52.

In a first deficient portion 54 b of the joint metal 1 a illustrated inFIG. 6, the width perpendicular to the circumferential direction isabout twice as wide as that of the first deficient portion 54illustrated in FIG. 4. Like this first deficient portion 54 a, expandingthe lost region in the peripheral area of the coupling hole 52 allowsthe peripheral area of the coupling hole 52 to efficiently deform whenan excessive load acts on the horizontal structural member 3 in a statewhere the coupling plate 5 a and the horizontal structural member 3 arecoupled together. A first deficient portion 54 c of the joint metal 1 aillustrated in FIG. 7 is formed to have the same width as that of thefirst deficient portion 54 b illustrated in FIG. 5 while having a longerlength of the arc.

The following describes a joint metal 1 b according to a thirdembodiment of the present invention with reference to FIG. 8. In thisjoint metal 1 b, third deficient portions 57 and fourth deficientportions 58 in mutually different shapes are formed on a coupling plate5 b. For the configuration similar to those of the joint metals 1 and 1a or similar configuration, like reference numerals designatecorresponding or identical elements, and therefore such elements willnot be further elaborated here.

As illustrated in FIG. 8, the coupling plate 5 b of the joint metal 1 bhas the third deficient portions 57 and fourth deficient portions 581and 582. The third deficient portion 57 has a shape similar to that ofthe arc-shaped first deficient portion 54 formed on the coupling plate 5a of the joint metal 1 a illustrated in FIG. 3. The fourth deficientportions 581 and 582 have respective shapes similar to those of thesecond deficient portions 532 and 533, which have slit shapes long inthe vertical direction and are formed on the coupling plate 5 of thejoint metal 1 illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B and FIG. 2. As illustratedin FIG. 8, the respective third deficient portion 57 and fourthdeficient portion 58 only need to be formed in the peripheral area ofthe coupling hole 52 and between the coupling holes 52 adjacent to eachother in the vertical direction, corresponding to a required resistanceand similar parameter.

The following describes a joint metal 1 c according to a fourthembodiment of the present invention with reference to FIG. 9. In thisjoint metal 1 c, a seventh deficient portion 59 in a horizontally longslit shape is formed in communication with the coupling hole 52. For theconfiguration similar to that of the joint metal 1 or similarconfiguration, like reference numerals designate corresponding oridentical elements, and therefore such elements will not be furtherelaborated here.

A coupling plate 5 c of the joint metal 1 c has the seventh deficientportion 59 cut out in communication with the coupling hole 52. Thisseventh deficient portion 59 is formed to be long along a horizontalstraight line C passing through the coupling hole 52. The width in thevertical direction of this seventh deficient portion 59 is formed to besmaller than the diameter of the coupling hole 52, and is formed fromthe coupling hole 52 toward respective both sides of the base end sideand the distal end side of the coupling plate 5 c. A length W3 of aseventh deficient portion 59 a is formed to be longer than a length W4of a seventh deficient portion 59 b. The length W3 is formed to beelongated toward the base end side. The length W4 is formed to beelongated toward the distal end side. In this joint metal 1 c where theseventh deficient portions 59 are formed on the coupling plate 5 c, whenan excessive load acts on the joint portion between the support material2 and the horizontal structural member 3 in a state where the couplingplate 5 c and the horizontal structural member 3 are coupled together,the peripheral area of the coupling hole 52 can be efficiently deformed.This allows reducing the fracture of the horizontal structural member 3.Additionally, this allows improving the rigidity of the region otherthan the peripheral area of the coupling hole 52. Here, while in thisembodiment deficient portions are not formed in the peripheral area onthe lower side of the pin groove 51, the sixth deficient portion 531 inthe vertically elongated slit shape as illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B orthe fifth deficient portion 55 in the arc shape as illustrated in FIG. 3may be formed.

The following describes proof stress evaluation tests using the jointmetals 1, 1 a, and 1 c according to the present invention. The testingmethod and the shape of the specimen are compliant with the descriptionin page 583 of “Allowable stress design for houses using timberframework method (2008 edition)” (hereinafter referred to as Document).The test employs a specimen in a structure where one horizontalstructural member is supported by two support materials. For the jointportions in two positions where the horizontal structural member and thesupport material are to be joined together, the same joint metal isused. In the test, a pressure plate made of steel is placed on the topsurface of the horizontal structural member. When the load acts on thecenter of the pressure plate, displacement of the horizontal structuralmember is measured. Then, based on the graph showing the relationshipbetween the measured displacement and the load, a proof stressevaluation value is calculated. Displacement meters are disposed fourpositions in total on the near side and the far side on the bottomsurface near the respective end portions of the horizontal structuralmember, so as to calculate the average of the respective measured valuesas a displacement amount. For the test, joint metals in shapes describedin the following working examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 and2 were used. During the test, respective three specimens are used tocalculate the average. Here, the respective joint metals are differentonly in shape of the deficient portion. The joint metals are otherwisesimilar to one another.

Working Example 1

The working example 1 employs the joint metal 1 illustrated in FIGS. 1Aand 1B where the sixth deficient portion 531 and the second deficientportions 532 and 533 in the vertically elongated slit shapes are formedon the coupling plate 5. In this joint metal 1, a height H is 266 mm, awidth W1 is 90 mm, a diameter Φ of the coupling hole 52 is 12.5 mm, anda distance W2 from the base end of the coupling plate 5 up to the centerof the coupling hole 52 is 65 mm. For these values, the same applies tothe other working examples 2 and 3 and the comparative examples 1 and 2.For the respective sixth deficient portion 531 and second deficientportions 532 and 533, the length L1 in the longitudinal direction of thesixth deficient portion 531 is 31 mm, a length L2 in the longitudinaldirection of the second deficient portion 532 is 36 mm, a length L3 inthe longitudinal direction of the second deficient portion 533 is 11 mm,and the widths of the sixth deficient portion 531 and the seconddeficient portions 532 and 533 are all 6 mm.

Working Example 2

The working example 2 employs the joint metal 1 a where the firstdeficient portions 54 and the fifth deficient portions 55 in the arcshapes are formed on the coupling plate 5 a as illustrated in FIG. 3. Asillustrated in FIG. 4, in the first deficient portion 54 and the fifthdeficient portion 55 of this joint metal 1 a, the curvature radius ofthe outer peripheral portion in the arc shape is 16.25 mm, the curvatureradius of the inner peripheral portion is 11.25 mm, and a distance L4between the first deficient portions 54 is 6 mm. Similarly, the distancebetween the fifth deficient portions 55 is also 6 mm.

Working Example 3

The working example 3 employs the joint metal 1 c where the seventhdeficient portions 59 in the horizontally long slit shapes are formed incommunication with the coupling hole 52 as illustrated in FIG. 9. Forthe respective seventh deficient portions 59 a and 59 b of this jointmetal 1 c, the length W3 in the lateral direction of the seventhdeficient portion 59 a is 26.65 mm, the length W4 in the lateraldirection of the seventh deficient portion 59 b is 6.75 mm, and thewidths in the vertical direction of the seventh deficient portions 59 aand 59 b are 6.0 mm.

Comparative Example 1

The comparative example 1 employs a conventional joint metal 100 a wherethe deficient portions are not formed on a coupling plate 101 a asillustrated in FIG. 10A.

Comparative Example 2

As illustrated in FIG. 10B, the comparative example 2 employs a jointmetal 100 b where deficient portions 102 b widely opened in up, down,right, and left directions are formed on a coupling plate 101 b. For thedeficient portion 102 b of this joint metal 100 b, a length L5 in thelongitudinal direction of the uppermost deficient portion 102 b is 26 mmand a length L6 in in the longitudinal direction of the other deficientportions 102 b is 46 mm. Additionally, a length W5 in the lateraldirection of the deficient portion 102 b is 46 mm.

Table 1 below shows the result of the proof stress evaluation tests ofthe working examples 1 to 3 and the comparative examples 1 and 2. Here,Py (kN) shown in Table 1 shows yield resistance, and ⅔Pmax (kN) isobtained by multiplying the maximum load (Pmax) by ⅔. These values canbe calculated from the graph illustrating the relationship between themeasured displacement and the load using the method described in pages571 and 572 of Document. The dispersion coefficient is calculated as adispersion coefficient=1−a variation coefficient CV×k in compliance withthe description in page 586 of Document. Note that k is set to a valueof 3.152 corresponding to three as the number of specimens here. Table 1shows Py (kN) and ⅔Pmax (kN) of the average values of three specimenswhen the tests were performed under the respective conditions of theworking examples 1 to 3 and the comparative examples 1 and 2. Therespective evaluation values shown on the last lines of these Py and⅔Pmax are calculated with the method (calculating the dispersioncoefficient×the average value) described in page 586 of Document.Additionally, an initial rigidity K (kN/mm) shown in Table 1 iscalculated in compliance with the description in page 572 of Documentwhile an energy E (kN·mm) is considered as the area of a perfectelasto-plastic model in page 572 of Document. Additionally, an initialcrack occurrence displacement D (mm) denotes a displacement for testevaluation when occurrence of a crack is seen in the position of thedrift pin. FIGS. 11 to 15 are graphs illustrating the respectiverelationships between a deformation D (mm) and a load P (kN) in theworking examples 1 to 3 and the comparative examples 1 and 2.

As illustrated in Table 1, when the working examples 1 to 3 are comparedwith the comparative example 1, in the yield resistance Py, the averagevalues keep values equivalent to that of the comparative example 1 whilethe dispersion coefficients have been considerably improved in all ofthe working examples 1 to 3. Accordingly, the proof stress evaluationvalues have been obviously improved. Additionally, in ⅔Pmax, the averagevalues keep values equivalent to that of the comparative example 1 whilethe dispersion coefficients have been considerably improved in all ofthe working examples 1 to 3. Accordingly, the proof stress evaluationvalues have been obviously improved. In the initial rigidity and theenergy, there was no noticeable reduction in the respective averagevalues in any of the working examples 1 to 3 compared with thecomparative example 1.

When the working examples 1 to 3 are compared with the comparativeexample 2, in the yield resistance Py, there is no reduction in theaverage value like the comparative example 2 in any of the workingexamples 1 to 3. The dispersion coefficients of the working examples 1to 3 have not improved as much as that of the comparative example 2have, but has been improved. Accordingly, the proof stress evaluationvalues have been improved equally or more than the comparative example 2with respect to the comparative example 1. Additionally, in ⅔Pmax, thereis no reduction in the average value like the comparative example 2 inany of the working examples 1 to 3. The dispersion coefficients of theworking examples 1 to 3 have been improved equally or more than that ofthe comparative example 2. Accordingly, the proof stress evaluationvalues have been obviously improved. In the initial rigidity and theenergy, there was no considerable reduction in the average value likethe comparative example 2 in any of the working examples 1 to 3. Theinitial rigidity and the energy were equivalent to those of thecomparative example 1.

TABLE 1 Specimen Working Working Working Comparative Comparative TestItems Name Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 1 Example 2 Evaluationby Average Value 113.6 91.0 100.6 102.4 72.3 Yield Resistance Variation0.08 0.06 0.10 0.15 0.03 Py (kN) Coefficient CV Dispersion 0.74 0.830.68 0.53 0.89 Coefficient Resistance 83.6 75.1 68.2 54.5 64.4Evaluation Value Evaluation by Average Value 127.0 109.7 120.9 111.794.9 Maximum Variation 0.05 0.04 0.08 0.10 0.06 Resistance 2/3Coefficient CV Pmax (kN) Dispersion 0.83 0.88 0.74 0.67 0.80 CoefficientResistance 105.7 96.7 89.9 75.3 75.7 Evaluation Value Short-Term Min(Py, 2/3max) 83.3 75.0 67.9 54.1 64.3 Reference Resistance Pa (kN)Initial RigidityK Average Value 21.5 23.5 22.1 22.7 15.0 (kN/mm) EnergyE Average Value 4649 4913 5134 5056 3726 (kN · mm) Initial Crack AverageValue 10 8 8 5 13 Occurrence Displacement D (mm)

In this embodiment, the description has been given of the joint metals 1to 1 c that have the U shapes in top view and include the pairs ofcoupling plates 5 to 5 c, the coupling plate is not necessarily limitedto the pairs of the coupling plates 5 a to 5 c. The present invention isapplicable to a joint metal that has a T shape in top view and includesonly one of the coupling plates 5 to 5 c.

The following describes embodiments where reinforcement is performed tosuppress falling over of the coupling plates 5 as illustrated in FIGS.27A and 27B when the securing plate 4 is fastened with a fixture such asa bolt with reference to FIGS. 16A and 16B to FIG. 26. For theconfiguration similar to that of the joint metal 1 or similarconfiguration, like reference numerals designate corresponding oridentical elements, and therefore such elements will not be furtherelaborated here.

As illustrated in FIGS. 16A and 16B to FIG. 18, a joint metal 1 daccording to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is folded atapproximately a right angle from both the ends of the securing plate 4.In the joint metal 1 d, the pair of coupling plates 5 is disposedapproximately in the horizontal direction. The joint metal 1 d isconstituted to have a U shape in top view. For the joint metal 1 d,similarly to the joint metal 1 according to the first embodiment, on thesecuring plate 4, a plurality of fixing holes 41 for allowing insertionof fixtures (not illustrated) such as bolts is formed to be aligned inthe longitudinal direction. On the coupling plate 5, the pin groove 51,the coupling holes 52, the sixth deficient portion 531, and theplurality of second deficient portions 532 and 533 are formed. The pingroove 51 is a cutout approximately in a U shape. The coupling holes 52are disposed to be aligned in the vertical direction below the pingroove 51. The sixth deficient portion 531 and the second deficientportions 532 and 533 have vertically long slit shapes so as to passthrough a vertical straight line A on which the pin groove 51 and theplurality of coupling holes 52 are arranged.

In this joint metal 1 d, as illustrated in FIGS. 16A and 16B to FIG. 18,reinforcing ribs 10 are disposed on bended portions 9 at the boundariesbetween the securing plate 4 and the coupling plates 5. As illustratedin FIGS. 16A and 16B and FIG. 17, the respective reinforcing ribs 10 aredisposed to be positioned between the fixing holes 41 adjacent to oneanother in the vertical direction.

The reinforcing rib 10 is formed by, for example, press work or similarwork so as to project inwardly in an approximately triangular shape intop view as illustrated in FIG. 18. Accordingly, as illustrated in FIG.16B, in the case where the joint metal 1 d is viewed from outside,depressed portions in approximately triangular shapes in plan view areformed on the outer surface on the base end side of the coupling plate5. Similarly, as illustrated in FIG. 17, depressed portions inapproximately triangular shapes in plan view are formed on the back-sideportion 42 of the securing plate 4. Thus, in the joint metal 1 d,disposing the reinforcing ribs 10 on the bended portions 9 allowsimproving the strength of the bended portions 9. Accordingly, when thesecuring plate 4 is fastened with fixtures such as bolts at a hightorque, this allows suppressing falling over of the pair of couplingplates 5 as illustrated in FIGS. 27A and 27B.

Here, in this embodiment, the description has been given of the examplewhere the reinforcing ribs 10 are disposed in the joint metal where thesixth deficient portion 531, which is formed by cutting out theperipheral area on the lower side of the pin groove 51, and theplurality of second deficient portions 532 and 533, which are formed bycutting out the peripheral area of the coupling hole 52, are formed onthe coupling plate 5 similarly to the joint metal 1 according to thefirst embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B. However, the structureof the coupling plate 5 is not limited to this. The reinforcing rib isapplicable to the joint metals 1 a to 1 c having the other couplingplates 5 a to 5 c illustrated in FIG. 3 to FIG. 9. The same applies toother embodiments describe later.

The following describes a joint metal 1 e according to a sixthembodiment of the present invention with reference to FIG. 19 and FIG.20. As illustrated in FIG. 19 and FIG. 20, this joint metal 1 e includessecuring-plate reinforcing beads 11 disposed on the securing plate 4.

As illustrated in FIG. 19 and FIG. 20, the securing-plate reinforcingbeads 11 are disposed on both lateral sides of the fixing holes 41, andare formed in the shape where a plurality of arcs centered at the fixingholes 41 communicate with one another in the vertical direction so as tosurround the peripheral area of the fixing holes 41. This securing-platereinforcing bead 11 is formed by, for example, press work or similarwork so as to project from the back-side portion 42 of the securingplate 4 toward the inside (in the projection direction of the couplingplate 4) as illustrated in FIG. 20. Accordingly, as illustrated in FIG.19, in the case where the joint metal 1 e is viewed from the outside,depressed portions in the shapes where a plurality of arcs centered atthe fixing holes 41 are formed in the back-side portion 42 of thesecuring plate 4. Thus, the joint metal 1 e includes the securing-platereinforcing beads 11, which project from the back-side portion 42 of thesecuring plate 4 in contact with the side surface of the supportmaterial 2 toward the projection direction of the coupling plate 5. Thisallows improving the rigidity of the securing plate 4, and allowssuppressing falling over of the pair of coupling plates 5 when thesecuring plate 4 is fastened with fixtures such as bolts.

In a joint metal 1 f according to a seventh embodiment of the presentinvention illustrated in FIG. 21, the reinforcing ribs 10 of the jointmetal 1 d according to the fifth embodiment are further disposed in thejoint metal where the securing-plate reinforcing beads 11 are disposedon the securing plate 4 like the joint metal 1 e according to the sixthembodiment. In the joint metal 1 f, as illustrated in FIG. 21, thereinforcing ribs 11 are formed on the bended portions 9 so as not tointerfere with the securing-plate reinforcing beads 11. Thus, thesecuring-plate reinforcing beads 11 and the reinforcing ribs 10 may becombined together. This allows improving the rigidity of the securingplate 4 and improving the strength of the bended portions 9.

The following describes a joint metal 1 g according to an eighthembodiment of the present invention with reference to FIG. 22 to FIG.24. As illustrated in FIG. 22 to FIG. 24, the joint metal 1 g includesbended-portion reinforcing beads 12, which communicate with the securingplate 4 from the coupling plates 5 through the bended portions 9 at theboundaries between the securing plate 4 and the coupling plates 5.

As illustrated in FIG. 22, the respective bended-portion reinforcingbeads 12 are disposed to be positioned between the fixing holes 41adjacent to one another in the vertical direction. As illustrated inFIG. 24, the bended-portion reinforcing bead 12 is formed by, forexample, press work or similar work so as to project inwardly, and isformed in approximately an L shape in top view. As illustrated in FIG.22 and FIG. 23, this bended-portion reinforcing bead 12 is formed, onthe securing plate 4 side, to have a width L8 and to extend form thebended portion 9 in the straight line by a predetermined distance W8 inthe horizontal direction. On the coupling plate 5 side, thebended-portion reinforcing bead 12 is formed to have the width L8similarly to the securing plate 4 side and to extend from the base end(the bended portion 9) of the coupling plate 5 toward the distal endside in the straight line by a predetermined distance W9 in thehorizontal direction. Accordingly, as illustrated in FIG. 22, when thejoint metal 1 d is viewed from outside, depressed portions extendingfrom the bended portions 9 in the horizontal direction by thepredetermined distance W8 are formed in the back-side portion 42 of thesecuring plate 4. On the outer surface of the coupling plate 5, asillustrated in FIG. 23, depressed portions extending from the bendedportions 9 toward the distal end side of the coupling plates 5 in thehorizontal direction by the predetermined distance W9 are formed. Thus,the joint metal 1 g includes the bended-portion reinforcing beads 12,which are disposed in communication with the securing plate 4 from thecoupling plate 5 through the bended portions 9. This allows improvingthe strength of the bended portions 9, thus suppressing falling over ofthe pair of coupling plates 5 when the securing plate 4 is fastened withfixtures such as bolts at a high torque. Additionally, thebended-portion reinforcing bead 12 is disposed to extend in thehorizontal direction of the securing plate 4 and the coupling plate 5 bythe respective predetermined distances W8 and W9. This allows improvingthe strength near the bended portions 9 of the securing plate 4 and thecoupling plate 5.

The following describes a joint metal 1 h according to a ninthembodiment of the present invention with reference to FIG. 25 and FIG.26. As illustrated in FIG. 25 and FIG. 26, the joint metal 1 h includesbended-portion reinforcing beads 12 a and end-portion reinforcing beads13. The bended-portion reinforcing beads 12 a are disposed incommunication with the securing plate 4 from the coupling plate 5through the bended portions 9 at the boundaries between the securingplate 4 and the coupling plates 5. The end-portion reinforcing beads 13are formed in both the end portions in the width direction of thesecuring plate 4 to be long in the vertical direction.

A plurality of the bended-portion reinforcing beads 12 a are disposed atshorter intervals in the vertical direction than the bended-portionreinforcing beads 12 disposed in the joint metal 1 g according to theeighth embodiment. Additionally, a width L9 of the bended-portionreinforcing bead 12 a is formed to be a width larger than the width L8of the bended-portion reinforcing bead 12 disposed in the joint metal 1g according to the eighth embodiment.

As illustrated in FIG. 25, the end-portion reinforcing bead 13 is formedto have a width W10 longer than the size extending in the horizontaldirection from the bended portion 9 toward the securing plate 4 side ofthe bended-portion reinforcing bead 12 a. The end-portion reinforcingbeads 13 are formed over the vertical direction (the longitudinaldirection) of both the end portions of the securing plate 4. Theend-portion reinforcing bead 13 is formed by, for example, press work orsimilar work so as to project from the back-side portion 42 of thesecuring plate 4 toward the inside (the projection direction of thecoupling plate 4). Accordingly, as illustrated in FIG. 25, in the casewhere the joint metal 1 h is viewed from the outside, depressed portionsin the vertically long shapes on both the ends of the back-side portion42 of the securing plate 4. Here, this embodiment describes the examplewhere the end-portion reinforcing beads 13 are formed over the verticaldirection in both the end portions of the securing plate 4. This,however, should not be construed in a limiting sense. The end-portionreinforcing bead 13 may be formed to be broken in the course of thesecuring plate 4 in the vertical direction. Thus, the joint metal 1 hincludes the end-portion reinforcing beads 13 in both the end portionsin the width direction of the securing plate. This allows improving thestrength of both the ends in the width direction of the securing plate.

The following describes the experiment results of the measurement of thedeformation amount in the pair of coupling plates 5 when the securingplates 4 of the joint metals 1 d to 1 g according to the presentinvention are fastened with the bolts 6 so as to be secured to thesupport material 2 as illustrated in FIGS. 27A and 27B. Here,measurement was performed on a distance W11 between the pair of couplingplates 5 in the position of Q illustrated in FIGS. 16A and 16B beforethe bolts were fastened and on the sizes of the distance W11 between thepair of coupling plates 5 when the bolts were fastened at 40 N·m and 80N·m, so as to obtain the deformation rate with respect to the sizebefore the bolts were fastened. In the experiments, the joint metals inthe shapes described in the following working examples 4 to 7 andcomparative examples 3 and 4 were used. Here, the joint metals in theworking examples 4 to 7 and the comparative example 4 are different onlyin presence of the reinforcing portions and in shape, and otherwisesimilar to one another. The comparative example 3 employs the securingplate 4 and the coupling plate 5 that have plate thicknesses thickerthan those of the working examples 4 to 7 and the comparative example 4.

Working Example 4

The working example 4 employs the joint metal 1 e where thesecuring-plate reinforcing beads 11 are disposed as illustrated in FIG.19 and FIG. 20. In this joint metal 1 e, the height H is 266 mm, thewidth W1 is 85 mm, the diameter Φ of the coupling hole 52 is 12.5 mm,the distance W2 from the base end of the coupling plate 5 up to thecenter of the coupling hole 52 is 65 mm, and a diameter Φ1 of the fixinghole 41 is 17 mm. For these values, the same applies to the otherworking examples 5 to 7 and the comparative examples 3 and 4.Additionally, a plate thickness t of the securing plate 4 and thecoupling plate 5 is 2.3 mm. For this value, the same applies to theother working examples 5 to 7 and the comparative example 4. Here, thecomparative example 3 employs the example that has the plate thickness tof the securing plate 4 and the coupling plate 5 is 3.2 mm.Additionally, a width W7 of the securing-plate reinforcing bead 11 is 3mm, and the diameter of the arc on the inside of the securing-platereinforcing bead 11 is 28 mm.

Working Example 5

As illustrated in FIGS. 22 to 24, the working example 5 employs thejoint metal 1 g where the bended-portion reinforcing beads 12 aredisposed. In this joint metal 1 g, the width L8 of the bended-portionreinforcing bead 12 is 7 mm, the length W8 in the horizontal directionon the securing plate 4 side is 10 mm, and the length W9 in thehorizontal direction on the coupling plate 5 side is 25 mm.

Working Example 6

The working example 6 employs the joint metal 1 d where the reinforcingribs 10 are disposed as illustrated in FIGS. 16A and 16B to FIG. 18. Inthe reinforcing rib 10 of this joint metal 1 d, W6 in the horizontaldirection on the securing plate 4 side and the coupling plate 5 side is10 mm and a length L7 in the vertical direction from the position of theinner surface in the securing plate 4 and the coupling plate 5 is 10 mm.

Working Example 7

As illustrated in FIG. 21, the working example 7 employs the joint metal1 f where the reinforcing ribs 10 and the securing-plate reinforcingbeads 11 are disposed. This joint metal 1 f includes members similar tothe securing-plate reinforcing bead 11 in the working example 4 and tothe reinforcing rib 10 in the working example 6.

Comparative Example 3

The comparative example 3 employs a joint metal where any of thereinforcing rib 10, the securing-plate reinforcing bead 11, and thebended-portion reinforcing bead 12 in the working examples 4 to 7 is notdisposed and where the plate thickness t of the securing plate 4 and thecoupling plate 5 is 3.2 mm.

Comparative Example 4

The comparative example 4 employs a joint metal where any of thereinforcing rib 10, the securing-plate reinforcing bead 11, and thebended-portion reinforcing bead 12 in the working examples 4 to 7 is notdisposed.

Table 2 below shows the measurement result of the working examples 4 to7 and the comparative examples 3 and 4. Table 2 shows the size of thedistance W11 of the pair of coupling plates 5 in the position of Qillustrated in FIGS. 16A and 16B before the bolts are fastened, thesizes of the distance W11 of the pair of coupling plates 5 when thebolts are fastened at 40 N·m and 80 N·m, and the deformation rates ofthe sizes when the bolts are fastened at 40 N·m and 80 N·m with respectto the size before the bolts are fastened.

As illustrated in Table 2, the working examples 4 to 7 are found toensure equivalent or superior performances compared with the workingexample 3, which employs the joint metal where the plate thickness t ofthe securing plate 4 and the coupling plate 5 is formed to be thick likethe conventional joint metal.

The working examples 4 to 7 are found to considerably improve thestrength compared with the case using the joint metal wherereinforcement is not performed and the plate thickness t of the securingplate 4 and the coupling plate 5 is thinned like the comparative example4. Especially, at a high torque of 80 N·m, the difference is large.

Based on the measurement result in Table 2, as illustrated in theworking examples 4 to 7, using the joint metal where any of thereinforcing rib 10, the securing-plate reinforcing bead 11, and thebended-portion reinforcing bead 12 is disposed allows suppressingfalling over of the pair of coupling plates 5 as illustrated in FIGS.27A and 27B even when the bolts are fastened at a high torque. Thisallows thinning of the plate thickness t of the securing plate 4 and thecoupling plate 5 while ensuring the strength.

TABLE 2 Fastening Measurement Working Working Working WorkingComparative Comparative Torque Result Example 4 Example 5 Example 6Example 7 Example 3 Example 4 Before Fastening Measured 43.40 43.3543.91 43.20 44.04 43.96 Size(mm) 40N · m Measured 44.10 42.19 43.2542.68 42.75 42.23 Size(mm) Deformation 101.6 97.3 98.5 98.8 97.1 96.1Rate(%) 80N · m Measured 42.92 41.06 41.84 40.86 41.48 39.61 Size(mm)Deformation 98.9 94.7 95.3 94.6 94.2 90.1 Rate(%)

Here, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to theabove-described embodiments. Various modifications are possible withoutdeparting from the technical scope of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE SIGNS

-   1, 1 a to 1 h joint metal-   2 support material-   3 horizontal structural member-   31 groove-   4 securing plate-   5, 5 a to 5 c coupling plate-   51 pin groove-   52 coupling hole-   531 sixth deficient portion-   532 and 533 second deficient portion-   54 first deficient portion-   55 fifth deficient portion-   56 coupling portion-   57 third deficient portion-   58 fourth deficient portion-   59 seventh deficient portion-   8 drift pin (coupling tool)-   9 bended portion-   10 reinforcing rib-   11 securing-plate reinforcing bead-   12 bended-portion reinforcing bead-   13 end-portion reinforcing bead-   A straight line-   B virtual line (straight line)

1. A joint metal for joining an end surface of a horizontal structuralmember to a side surface of a support material, the joint metalcomprising: a securing plate to be secured to the side surface of thesupport material; and a coupling plate disposed to project from thesecuring plate toward the horizontal structural member side, thecoupling plate being to be coupled in a state inserted into a grooveformed over a vertical direction on the end surface of the horizontalstructural member, wherein the coupling plate includes: a coupling holethat allows insertion of a rod-shaped coupling tool within the groove,the coupling tool being to pass through the horizontal structuralmember; and a first deficient portion formed by cutting out a peripheralarea of the coupling hole, wherein the first deficient portion is formedin an arc shape centered at the coupling hole.
 2. The joint metalaccording to claim 1, wherein the first deficient portion is formed inan arc shape centered at the coupling hole with a constant diameter. 3.The joint metal according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of the firstdeficient portions are formed in arc shapes centered at the couplingholes with a same diameter, and one of portions between end portions ofthe first deficient portions adjacent to one another in acircumferential direction is disposed to be positioned on a horizontalstraight line passing through a center of the coupling hole and on adistal end side of the coupling plate with respect to the coupling holein a horizontal direction.
 4. The joint metal according to claim 3,wherein the first deficient portion is formed symmetrically to ahorizontal straight line passing through a center of the coupling hole.5. A joint metal for joining an end surface of a horizontal structuralmember to a side surface of a support material, the joint metalcomprising: a securing plate to be secured to the side surface of thesupport material; and a coupling plate disposed to project from thesecuring plate toward the horizontal structural member side, thecoupling plate being to be coupled in a state inserted into a grooveformed over a vertical direction on the end surface of the horizontalstructural member, wherein the coupling plate includes: a plurality ofcoupling holes that allow insertion of rod-shaped coupling tools withinthe groove, the coupling tools being to pass through the horizontalstructural member; and a second deficient portion along a verticalstraight line that passes through a center of the coupling hole, thesecond deficient portion being formed to be long in a vertical directionbetween the adjacent coupling holes.
 6. A joint metal for joining an endsurface of a horizontal structural member to a side surface of a supportmaterial, the joint metal comprising: a securing plate to be secured tothe side surface of the support material; and a coupling plate disposedto project from the securing plate toward the horizontal structuralmember side, the coupling plate being to be coupled in a state insertedinto a groove formed over a vertical direction on the end surface of thehorizontal structural member, wherein the coupling plate includes: aplurality of coupling holes that allow insertion of rod-shaped couplingtools within the groove, the coupling tools being to pass through thehorizontal structural member; a third deficient portion cut out in aperipheral area of the coupling hole; and a fourth deficient portionalong a vertical straight line that passes through the coupling hole,wherein the third deficient portion is formed in an arc shape centeredat the coupling hole, and the fourth deficient portion is formed to belong in a vertical direction between the adjacent coupling holes.
 7. Thejoint metal according to claim 6, wherein the third deficient portion isformed in an arc shape centered at the coupling hole with a constantdiameter.
 8. The joint metal according to claim 7, wherein a pluralityof the third deficient portions are formed in arc shapes centered at thecoupling holes with a same diameter, and one of portions between endportions of the first deficient portions adjacent to one another in acircumferential direction is disposed to be positioned on a horizontalstraight line passing through a center of the coupling hole and on adistal end side of the coupling plate with respect to the coupling holein a horizontal direction.
 9. The joint metal according to claim 8,wherein the third deficient portion is formed symmetrically to ahorizontal straight line passing through a center of the coupling hole.10. The joint metal according to claim 9, wherein the coupling plateincludes: a pin groove formed on an upper end of the coupling plate; anda fifth deficient portion and/or a sixth deficient portion, the fifthdeficient portion being formed by cutting out in an arc shape in aperipheral area of the pin groove, the sixth deficient portion beingformed by cutting out to be long in a vertical direction between the pingroove and the coupling hole adjacent to the pin groove.
 11. A jointmetal for joining an end surface of a horizontal structural member to aside surface of a support material, the joint metal comprising: asecuring plate to be secured to the side surface of the supportmaterial; and a coupling plate disposed to project from the securingplate toward the horizontal structural member side, the coupling platebeing to be coupled in a state inserted into a groove formed over avertical direction on the end surface of the horizontal structuralmember, wherein the coupling plate includes: a coupling hole that allowsinsertion of a rod-shaped coupling tool within the groove, the couplingtool being to pass through the horizontal structural member; and aseventh deficient portion in communication with the coupling hole, theseventh deficient portion being formed to be long along a horizontalstraight line.
 12. The joint metal according to claim 11, wherein theseventh deficient portion has a vertical width smaller than a diameterof the coupling hole.
 13. The joint metal according to claim 12, whereinthe securing plate includes a plurality of fixing holes for insertingfixtures, the fixing holes being formed to be aligned in a verticaldirection, and a securing-plate reinforcing bead is disposed, thesecuring-plate reinforcing bead projecting from a back-side portion ofthe securing plate in contact with the side surface of the supportmaterial toward a projection direction of the coupling plate.
 14. Thejoint metal according to claim 13, wherein the securing-platereinforcing bead is formed in a shape where a plurality of arcscommunicate with one another in a vertical direction centered at thefixing holes so as to surround peripheral areas of the fixing holes. 15.The joint metal according to claim 14, further comprising a reinforcingrib on a bended portion at a boundary between the securing plate and thecoupling plate.
 16. The joint metal according to claim 12, wherein thesecuring plate includes a plurality of fixing holes for insertingfixtures, the fixing holes being formed to be aligned in a verticaldirection, and a reinforcing rib is disposed on a bended portion at aboundary between the securing plate and the coupling plate.
 17. Thejoint metal according to claim 16, wherein the reinforcing rib isdisposed in each portion between the fixing holes adjacent to oneanother in the vertical direction.
 18. The joint metal according toclaim 12, wherein the securing plate includes a plurality of fixingholes for inserting fixtures, the fixing holes being formed to bealigned in a vertical direction, and a bended-portion reinforcing beadis disposed in communication with the securing plate from the couplingplate through a bended portion at a boundary between the securing plateand the coupling plate.
 19. The joint metal according to claim 18,further comprising end-portion reinforcing beads on both end portions ina width direction of the securing plate, the end-portion reinforcingbead being long in a vertical direction and projecting from a back-sideportion of the securing plate in contact with the side surface of thesupport material toward a projection direction of the coupling plate.20. A building structure, comprising the joint metal according to claim19, wherein the joint metal joins the support material and thehorizontal structural member together.